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مجلة النفط والتعاون العربي
161
العدد
- 2017
أربعون
المجلد الثالث و ال
2016
أوابك العلمية لعام
�
ص لبحوث العلمية الفائزة بجائزة
�
عدد خا
20
10
* Used oil is mostly generated in the automotive and industrial sectors. They carry
greater risk to health and environment as they contain additives that deteriorate
during use and increase the pollutants level in the oil with dirt, metal scrapings,
water and chemicals which can get into the oil and reduce performance. They
represent the largest amount of liquid hazardous waste in the world which if
dumped slowly leaches into the land and underground water resources.
* Regulations that ensures good housekeeping in generating points, in collection
and transportation of the stuff and in receiving and processing into fuels or re-
refined into base oils is absolutely necessary. Reduction of used oil and treatment
on site is useful when possible.
* Oil degrades by absorbing moisture, picking wear particles and debris,
deterioration of the additives, unburnt fuel, and carbon can in the presence of
oxygen and heat reduce the effectiveness of the lubricant. Disposal is acceptable
only if converting to fuel or re-refining is not practical.
* Synthetic motor oils are synthesised from the products of naphtha or condensate
steam cracking and are entering the market due to their superior performance
thereby reducing the impact on the environment.
* It takes one barrel of crude to produce the same amount of lubricant that can be
obtained by re-refining one gallon of used oil, a source of conservation and the
cost of re-refining is much less and so is energy use. Burning used oil in certain
applications is a form of conservation but decreasing consumption and increasing
collection of used oils are necessary.
* Some studies suggest that re-refining is better than burning for the resource
conservation and environmental protection while other studies do not see any
measurable difference with respect to environment. Re-refining is found to be
much more favourable environmentally than the production of virgin base oils
which must meet standard specification of authorized organizations with respect
to constituents and viscosity.
* Advanced processing and additives made the drain intervals longer, reduced
consumption and environmental load. Re-refined oils are now on par or better
than virgin oils though the industry still suffers from the stigma that its products
are recycled and may be sub-standard.