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مجلة النفط والتعاون العربي

161

العدد

- 2017

أربعون

المجلد الثالث و ال

2016

أوابك العلمية لعام

ص لبحوث العلمية الفائزة بجائزة

عدد خا

14

4

The Dollbergen Process:

1, 24

..........................................................................................................50

Other Processes: ...............................................................................................................................51

Clarifying Industrial Oils: ...................................................................................................................52

Process Selection Criteria: ................................................................................................................52

Chapter 4 - Burning Used Oil for Fuel

..................................................................................................54

Direct Burning of Used Oils:..............................................................................................................54

Processing Used Oil for Fuels:

1, 107

....................................................................................................56

The Propak process:......................................................................................................................56

The Trailblazer Process: ................................................................................................................57

The Zimmark Process: ...................................................................................................................57

The Spring Oil Conversion Process:...............................................................................................58

In the European Union:.....................................................................................................................58

In the United States: .........................................................................................................................60

In the World ......................................................................................................................................61

Chapter 5 - The Economics of Re-refining

...........................................................................................63

The Impact of the Price of Oil: ..........................................................................................................63

Lubricants Supply & Demand:...........................................................................................................65

The Impact of Process Selection: ......................................................................................................68

Fees and Subsidies: ...........................................................................................................................71

Examples of Economic Studies:.........................................................................................................72

Italy: Example of Success ..................................................................................................................74

Collection and Disposal:................................................................................................................75

Re-refining of Used Oils: ...............................................................................................................76

Important Economic Model:.............................................................................................................77

Distillation/Clay Treatment Plant Economics: ..............................................................................78

Distillation/Hydrogenation Plant Economics:...............................................................................79

Notes for Economic Consideration: ..................................................................................................80

Chapter 6 - The Lubricating Oil Industry in the Arab Countries

..........................................................82

The Virgin Base Oils Facilities:...........................................................................................................82

Consumption of lubricants:...............................................................................................................83

Re-refined Oil Facilities: ....................................................................................................................85

Saudi Arabia & the UAE: ...................................................................................................................87

Financial Impact and Final notes: .....................................................................................................88

Chapter 7 - Conclusions and Recommendations

.................................................................................91